Critical Analysis of Hamlet Character Analysis and the Themes of Revenge - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 988 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/03/27 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Hamlet Essay Revenge Essay William Shakespeare Essay Did you like this example? Throughout the play of hamlet we see the theme of revenge in use, Revenge which is one of the biggest themes in hamlet as it is the biggest revenge play ever. It shows us Hamlet, a young man whose apart of the royal family of denmark whose father had wrongfully been killed by his uncle, King claudius. Hamlet fatefully finds this out one night when he is with Horatio, Bernardo, and Marcellus and they reveal to him that his father lives in the castle that they Guard. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Critical Analysis of Hamlet: Character Analysis and the Themes of Revenge" essay for you Create order Hamlet gets a chance to interact with his fathers ghost, he gets the truth about what had happen within the maze with Claudius. Young hamlet swears that he will avenge his fathers death in someway and even has to act crazily in love or act like he has feelings towards ophelia. We see Hamlets first plot of revenge against Claudius in the second act when we see Hamlet, who is sent off to college and is followed by Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. He thinks that this in many ways is odd that they have been sent after, he is puzzled and wonders why they had been sent after him. Why, anything, but to the purpose. You were sent for, and there is a kind of confession in your looks which your modesities have not craft enough to color. I know the good king and queen have sent for you He tells the men that he knows the king had sent him to spy on mostly due to how Hamlet had been acting around the king after his fathers death, he mostly thought maybe the young man was in love with Ophelia but thats wrong. Hamlet then has the men organize a play to see if Claudius is the true killer of his father, this is a form of revenge in Hamlets eyes as he wants to see if King Claudius had truly done it. He organizes the players to perform a play that he had slightly modified, the play which is the Murder of Gonzago involves Gonzago getting murdered by his son by getting poisoned pour in his ear, he tells Horatio to watch to see if Claudius stands, The reason the play is chosen by Hamlet is mostly because it mirrors what had happened to his father, near the last glimpse of the play we see The queen and wife of Gonzago who promises not to remarry and never to find anyone else but the King while he is dying calls this bluff. King Claudius while this is all happening stands up in a fit of anger and says give me some light, away! (172) Hamlet and Horatio dont exit from the scene as everyone else does because they were scared by the king. Hamlet finally gets the answers hes wanted the whole time which fuels the young man to get more revenge. Young hamlet plans to kill Claudius after the scene but doesnt due to the fact that he was praying. We dont just see Hamlet take revenge with actions, He also takes revenge with his words throughout the book mostly with his mother, Gertrude who is queen of Denmark and Hamlets mother who is also concerned with him and how hes been acting, he mostly uses his words of revenge against his mother due to the fact that his father had only been dead for 2 months when she married king Claudius. He takes a different approach with his mother mostly because she didnt actually kill his father much more just moving on too soon from his father and marrying his uncle and despite the ph ysical revenge that he lacks towards his mother doesnt mean the verbal abuse his mother receives from him is just as worse as Physical abuse with the words young Hamlet relays to her. A bloody deed Almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king and marry his brother (171) Gertrude questions when Hamlet says this to her due to the fact she doesnt know the truth yet and what has all conquered. Hamlet truly doesnt mean to spark any revenge move or anything to his mother, he just wants her to understand that King Claudius had killed the man she loved and it conflicts hamlet, we see a more rather sympathetic form of revenge towards his mother than physical as he doesnt want to fully commit revenge on her because she didnt kill his father. Hamlet mistakenly kills polonius as he was hiding behind the Curtain while Hamlet was talking to his mother, it shocks Hamlet and causes more rather a delay in his plans of revenge against Claudius. Hamlet is a young man stuck with a lot of problems which is why we dont see him kill the king that early on in the book, he feels that he doesnt mean anything anymore and has nothing to lose at all, in the sense of power Laertes and Claudius are the same in the fact of wanting power and feeling bigger than others. This makes Claudius try to manipulate and play Laertes as by now, Hamlet has killed Ophelia and Polonius have been killed by young Hamlet, Claudius uses this to his advantage to try to get Hamlet killed once and for all as his plot of revenge, we see Hamlet find the skull of yorick while theyre burying the graves of both royals, the theme of death and revenge also link heavily together as we see about 5 deaths transpire from young hamlet just trying to get revenge; the act of final revenge doesnt fully happen until act 5 scene 2, when we finally see the theme come full circle and we see the plot of revenge take dark a turn no, no, the drink! O my dear Hamlet! The drink.. I m poisoned (279), this is a form of the devil advocate being played with revenge much rather than the antagonists revenge, give me the cup, lets go!

Online Dating Essay - 863 Words

Online Dating Some people today feel they cannot meet someone in their everyday lives so they turn to the internet to find a prospective partner, people us the internet as a way of meeting new people Online dating has become the new way of finding your soul mate The internet has made dating more convenient you no longer to have to go out to a bar and spend money trying to impress or you really don’t have, for people who are shy this is the perfect way to screen a potential in the privacy. I thought I would never talk to someone online nor consider being in a relationship statistics predict more than 100,000 marriages take place through the internet, caution is needed all websites are not safe you must do your research before choosing a†¦show more content†¦I don’t disapprove of the websites but for me I prefer the old fashion method of meeting I feel I can tell more about a person when looking them in the eye than a profile from the internet, I know people who met and got married after meeting online like any relationship there are pros and cons that has to be weighed carefully forShow MoreRelatedWhy Are Online Dating Websites?1407 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many different online dating websites, so how would you know how to pick the right one. One of the more popular companies is called eHarmony that started in 2000, research by Gupta, Murtha, and Patel supports, under the premise that it matched couples scientifically on 29 dimensions of compatibility. Unlike other dating sites, eHarmony focuses specifically on creating lifelong matches and has marketed the company accordingly. Originally, eHarmony was based on strong Christian principlesRead MoreOnline Dating And The Internet Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagesthe internet offer online dating or match making services. Despite being a relatively young industry, online dating has already become one of the most profitable types of business found on the internet. Online dating services now attract m illions of users every day, and the industry is making hundreds of millions of dollars each year. Online dating provides an efficient way for people to meet with partners and to get to know them through e-mails and chats. Of the many online dating sites, PlentyofFishRead MoreThe Donts of Online Dating1236 Words   |  5 Pagesher head down and fast and shaking leaves the road. Could this ever happen with an online dating site? Absolutely not; online dating is increasing; according to ABC news article, an estimated 40 million Americans use online dating services in the hope to meet â€Å"The one†. There are more than 1,400 web sites in the $700 million a year business. But, are they safe and truthful as they say on their profile? Online dating is dangerous because gives an opportunity to sexual predators to hide behind fakeRead MoreThe Problem Of Online Dating Essay1067 Words   |  5 PagesThere’s no question that dating 40 years ago was much different than dating now. While back then we actually had to go out and meet somebody to be seen, now, with the click of a button, our entire lives can instantly go public. Social media has created this labeling phenomenon in which individuals ca n categorize another based on a certain trait. Take online dating, for example. We set up a profile that includes hobbies, interests, places lived, and even sometimes body shape. But the most importantRead MoreOnline Dating : An Ideal Type Of Dating849 Words   |  4 PagesOnline dating is a fairly common occurrence in our society. Beginning with chatrooms in the early 90’s and expanding to mobile dating apps such as tinder and grinder (Kennedy, 2010), online dating has become an institutionalized part of romantic encounters in our society (Kennedy, 2010). Early 2000’s television and film such as â€Å"You’ve Got Mail†, and â€Å"Sex in the City† show case the increased popularity of online dating during the time, and by looking at the variety of online dating websites andRead MoreOnline Dating Vs. Internet Dating1574 Words   |  7 Pagesto understand married people going frequenting online dating sites. I now realize after Googling married peo ple online dating that married people using online dating services is not only a very common practice, there appear to be online dating service that target married people looking for a date or more. Many married people are finding the temptation of online dating irritable. On e website is stating that 150,000 married people join online dating sites each month and these sites are doing thereRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Online Dating1145 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is online dating? Online dating is the way of starting a romantic relationship on the social net work by exchange information with someone else include photo, romantic message and songs without see by each other face to face. Millions of people now days are using the online dating to find friends, or soul mate. There are so many websites like Christian mingle, match. com, eharmony. com, our time, farmers match.com, and another website only for widow widowers. com. All these websites help toRead MoreWhat Are Online Dating ?1300 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is online dating? How can you be sure that the person on the other side of the computer is telling the truth about their everyday life? Sometimes we see someone online and even though they meet everything we are looking for, they might not always turn out to be who they really are. I believe that online dating is not a good way to meet someone simply because of the amount of times people lie about their profile. This has become a reoccurring problem with online dating. They made a show calledRead MoreEffects of Online Dating on Society 1875 Words   |  8 Pagespeople and dating be any different? A concept of meeting people without the face to face interaction is something that is more than appealing to a large group of people. While this concept is not new and has been around for years, it has had a dramatic increase over the past few years. According to a study done by Patti M. Valkenburg and Jochen Peter the number of dating sites has increased b y 17% in the past two years and about 37% of single Americans that use the internet have gone to a dating site (ValkenburgRead MoreOnline Dating And The Internet Essay1601 Words   |  7 Pagesinternet. The internet allows us to obtain information within a matter of seconds, go shopping without having to leave the comfort of our own homes, and communicate with others instantly. Another popular thing the internet is used for is online dating. Online dating allows you to carefully choose who you would like to interact with. You are provided with all sorts of filters that you can use to determine what traits and qualities others possess before pursuing them. You are able to search for characteristics

Coroperate Social Responsibility Free Essays

Corporate Social responsibility Introduction A few years ago firms only goal was to gain economic profit from their businesses. In recent times it has been discussions if economic profit are the only reason for businesses to exist (Kilotons 1991) In modern society the belief that businesses have responsibilities against the society they operate in have grown bigger, but there are still people and organizations who believe that gaining economic profit from their business are the only thing they have to be concerned about (Chant 2013). The purpose of this essay is to discuss and compare the different viewpoints of corporate social responsibility (hereafter referred to as CARS) and the key issue is to see why corporations and their management should be concerned with CARS. We will write a custom essay sample on Coroperate Social Responsibility or any similar topic only for you Order Now The paper will start by explaining what CARS is and how businesses can gain profit from applying CARS. Thereafter the counterargument, that business doesn’t have any other responsibilities then gaining profit, will be presented. An example of good CARS-work will thereafter be demonstrated. The relationship between ethics in business will also be discussed. Different views of CARS There are many different definitions of what corporate social responsibility is but one ay to look at it is that corporate responsibility is used to describe the work that companies do voluntarily that has a positive impact on society, the environment or the economy (Shill, Apothecary ; Kansas 2010). CARS is supposed to help businesses to behave ethically and gain economic profit and at the same time helping to solve social issues (Chant 2013). Not only are CARS good for the society and the people in it but also for the stakeholders of the company. CARS can change stakeholders purchase behavior, employment seeking and also investment. Over mime CARS can also help the company to build a stronger brand and in that way also gain an economic profit (Shill, Apothecary ; Kansas 2010). In recent times a lot of critiques have been pointed to CARS. The counterargument meaner that business only responsibility against the society is to gain economic profit and only do what the business was created to do (Chant 2013). Many opponents against CARS say that businesses only should use their resources and engage in activities that are designed to increase profits so long as it stays within the law (Kilotons, 1991). Why corporate social responsibility? The question is if businesses and corporations have a social nature and responsibility or not? My own answer to this question is that businesses, in the modern society, is of social nature and have responsibilities against the society. Corporations and businesses are a big part of our society and what they do make a big impact on people, environment and also how other business act. I would like to compare it with people walking on the street and don’t put their rubbish in the garbage bins. I believe that almost everyone thinks that it would be ethically wrong not to put their rubbish in the bins. If everyone throws their rubbish on the street the society and community would not have looked nice and people would care less about, in this case, the environment because no one else does. My point of view is that it reflection of the people in it and so are the corporations and business (Chant 2013). It’s understandable that some corporations think it is unnecessary to implement CARS and that it only will cost them money that they won’t get back. To demonstrate how businesses can gain economic advantages from CARS I will use a Swedish company ‘KEA. KEA is a big home decoration company that operates all over the world and ton is one of their most important raw materials. The company want all cotton used in their products to come from sustainable productions. By using the better cotton initiative they can help reduce environmental and social impacts. They have also proved that this initiative can help KEA to offer competitive priced products that satisfy customers’ needs and also helps the company to reach one of their ambitions to provide responsibly sourced products (CARS: Sweden leads by example in corporate responsibility 2013) With that said, my point is that many companies have to look ore on the output they can gain from CARS and not so much on the input. Conclusion There are many ways of looking at and understand CARS and my point of view in this paper is that CARS is a good thing and that corporations and businesses can gain both social and economic profits from it. On the other hand it can be difficult to measure performance of CARS and to compare business with each other (Chant 2013). But maybe comparing and competitiveness is not necessary as in economical ways. Maybe CARS can be Just a question of good ethics, something as obvious as throwing rubbish in the garbage bin or pay your employees’ salary in time. Is that a realistic goal? Probably not, because it takes that CARS belong to some sort of common sense if that’s going to happen. The important thing for businesses to understand is that CARS should be a part of their business strategy and goal. The modern world is growing and businesses have to keep up with the changes in the environment around them. People are getting more knowledge about ethics and culture and that’s why it’s getting more important for businesses and their management to apply it in to their strategy. Maybe people are going to choose one supermarket in front of the other cause the first one didn’t care about the ethical issues with food production. How to cite Coroperate Social Responsibility, Papers

How technology affects our lives free essay sample

Have you ever considered how different our lives would be without the continued advancement in technology? Technology today has become such a big part of our lives. When you’re out in a public place, for example the mall, and you look around almost everyone has cells phones, tablets, ipods, or portable game systems. There are a lot of things such as the internet, that have made our lives a little easier and we have become almost dependent on that we can’t imagine living without. Technology is helping the world globally stay connected faster than we can begin to imagine. Today technology is being used in ways that didn’t seem possible forty to fifty years ago. Technology today is being used to find better ways to produce clean energy, creating a more efficient work force, and making amazing advances in the field of medicine. Technology has become a part of our everyday life. We will write a custom essay sample on How technology affects our lives or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We see the effects of technology and its changes every day in how we communicate, learn, and how it affects the medical field. New technologies have transformed education, everything from smart phones to smart boards. These tools have enhanced communication, research and literacy. Technology has helped to make it more convenient for almost anyone to attend college and obtain degrees from the comfort of your own home. The convenience of being able to take classes online without having to step foot in a traditional classroom can be very appealing. It has made it possible for many people to continue their education, people who otherwise would not be able to fit college into their busy lifestyles between work and other family obligations. These are just a few of the positives of how technology has affected education, of course there are also negatives to such technology, such as making it easier to cheat. â€Å"Things such as cheating are now simpler than ever, and I don’t mean writing on your hand. Your class is allowed to use a graphing calculator for the test? Write a program on it that contains all the formulas that you need and presto, you pass the test† (Wilhelm, 2011). Advancements in technology have also impacted the work place in both positive and negative ways. Some businesses have computerized schedules making it easier to access from a person’s laptop, tablet or smart phone. The down fall is if there is no Wi-Fi your unable to access the internet, or if your computers crash you have no access to your schedule. Employee’s sometimes are given the option of working from home, which can make it easier for families who have children in sports or after school activities. E-mail, teleconferencing, video conferencing, and new emerging technologies are enabling people around the world to communicate and collaborate rapidly and efficiently (Todd, 2007). Some industries using machines once controlled by the worker’s hand are now run by computers, resulting in the demand for higher skilled employees. The positive is that the computerized machines can produce a higher number of material and also a better quality product. There is less human error now that a computer is controlling the machine. The negative is if the computer on this machine fails, the machine will not work resulting in no products being produced. Another negative is the need for higher skilled worker; this could leave someone who may have the skills but not the degree out of a job. Many improvements and breakthroughs in healthcare have come about due to medical advancement. Changes in the medical field from the instruments being used, to medicines prescribed to patients to operations performed are effects of changes in technology. From treating cancer and delivering babies to dealing with heart attacks, doctors have developed technology and improved techniques (Hendricks, 2013). Doctors are now able to save patients they may have never been able to save before because of the advancement in technology. Positive impacts of technology in the medical field are discoveries such as antibiotics, vaccines, organ transplants, and heart surgeries. CAT scans and MRI’s have saved many lives. These machines are monitored by a computer making it more accurate and less likely to result in human error. When it comes to healthcare there aren’t many negative outcomes of the growth of technology. The problem modern doctors face is a broken medical system and rigid insurance companies (Hendricks, 2013). In conclusion these are just a few of the positive effects of technology in our lives; it has become very useful on a daily basis. People are always looking for the most convenient and easiest way to do their work, ultimately we are becoming evermore reliant on our computers and without them we would be lost (Pretty, 2008). Of the negative effects of technology in our lives, the one that stands out is its interference on human relationship. With so many people with iPods, tablets, handheld gaming systems and smart phones we’ve detached ourselves from the outside work and one another. The positives of the innovations in technology by far outweigh the negatives.

The Evolution of Circus Industry Essay Example

The Evolution of Circus Industry Essay In the early 1980’s the attractiveness of the circus industry seem to be saturated. The industry structure was not stable, being in long-term decline by alternative various type of entertainment, changes of the preference of customers, uprising concerns of animal rights and diminishing clowns in value, which they are the critical elements used by traditional players in the industry. It all brought in decreasing audience and increasing costs by accelerating competition and changing environmental factors. The traditional circus industries also had to compete with numerous competitors through similar performance and non-differentiated performance players in saturation. The traditional circus business has faced the difficult situation with a steady decreased audience and declining both revenue and profit. The limited to expand this industry is according to the five forces analysis, even though the barrier to entry to circus industry is high because of high capital requirement in performers, equipment, workforce, etc. but, the industry suffering from the alternative form of entertainment such as sports event, home industry, and play station. Also, rivalry among firms is high; they have to compete with other entertainment businesses such as theatre, opera, and Broadway. Moreover, the competition is not a price competition but it is based on attracting customers so with the low products differentiation in typical circus industry – clown, animals, and performance lead to a strong buyer power. Thus, the existing circus industry appeared unattractive Cirque de Soleil very successfully entered to an unattractive circus industry by reinvent the industry and creates a new market space. We will write a custom essay sample on The Evolution of Circus Industry specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Evolution of Circus Industry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Evolution of Circus Industry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In this case, they did not target the existing market such as children, but they target non-customers of the industry; adults and corporate clients who pay for this entertainment experiences. Also, they invest a lot in equipment in order to raise the venues from a typical circus tent to glamorous venues. Moreover, Cirque de Soleil has succeeded to provide customers with entirely new performances by taking existing acts and compiling them to the thematic line represent a mixture of the arts among circus, opera, and theatre. In addition, unlike traditional circus, the company has multiple productions; shows have distinctive themes allowing people to see Le Cirque several times. Furthermore, they mainly eliminating the biggest name acts and replace by individual performers who essentially anonymous to the audience and the complete absence of the animal shows. They reduce fun experience from the show of clown with garish face paint and an oversize shoe to the sophisticated entertainment with costumes and music. Additionally, they reduce the concessions from their show; nothing is sold during the performance or inside the tent. Finally, these lead to a whole new circus concept with an increase demand to come to circus instead of other entertainment such as theatre, opera, or Broadway. For a while, the company has no competitors and takes dominant advantage to gain high profits. Cirque de Soleil’s performance features itself the unique performance and market is completely new and quite impossible to denote the industry between theater and circus; it is hard to duplicate and results in setting high the entrant barrier to the market. Cirque shows the powerful bargain power as a market leader, so the company would be able to attain the high price. Despite the high price of tickets, the company always drew a large house with high quality performance. It is the most important for goals to pursuit of differentiation and low cost simultaneously because a blue ocean affects both its cost structure and its value proposition to buyers. Cirque de Soleil is the exemplary to show a blue ocean strategy because they looked across the market boundaries to alternatives to the circus. What Cirque de Soleil have done are increased values for the target customers while decreasing their own cost by eliminating unimportant attributes, reduce high expenditure, create the new market segments; new target customers, and then raise the quality of product. By conducting the five forces analysis, companies are able to set up innovative strategies and it brings to implement great performances; it all is on the way of the summit, otherwise the industries will be disappeared beyond the histories.

The Many French Expressions With Avoir (to Have)

The Many French Expressions With Avoir (to Have) The French verb avoir (to have) is one of the most useful, flexible, and basic verbs in the French language, which probably explains its propensity to pop up in a slew of idiomatic expressions. French idiomatic expressions using avoir take you on a tour of the human condition, from feeling blue to feeling great, having charm to having the giggles, being right to being wrong. Expressions That Use Avoir Here are a few of the many expressions that use avoir. avoir ___ ans  Ã‚  to be ___ years oldavoir    infinitive to have to do somethingavoir beau infinitive despite doing, however much (one) doesavoir besoin de   to needavoir chaud   to be hotavoir confiance en   to trustavoir de la chance   to be luckyavoir du charme   to have charmavoir du chien (informal) to be attractive, have a certain somethingavoir du pain sur la planche (informal) to have a lot to do, have a lot on ones plateavoir du pot (informal) to be luckyavoir envie de   to wantavoir faim   to be hungryavoir froid   to be coldavoir honte de   to be ashamed of/aboutavoir horreur de   to detest/loatheavoir lair (de)  Ã‚  to look (like)avoir la frite  Ã‚  to feel greatavoir la gueule de bois  Ã‚  to have a hangover, to be hungoveravoir la patate   to feel greatavoir le beurre et largent du beurre  Ã‚  to have ones cake and eat it tooavoir le cafard (informal) to feel low / blue / down in the dumpsavoir lesprit de lescalier  Ã‚  to be unable to think of witty comebacks in time avoir le fou rire   to have the gigglesavoir le mal de mer   to be seasickavoir les chevilles qui enflent (informal) to be full of oneselfavoir lhabitude de   to be used to, in the habit ofavoir lheure   to have (know) the timeavoir lieu   to take placeavoir lintention de   to intend / plan toavoir mal la tà ªte, aux yeux, lestomac   to have a headache, a stomachache, eye painavoir mal au cÅ“ur   to be sick to ones stomachavoir peur de   to be afraidavoir raison   to be rightavoir soif   to be thirstyavoir sommeil   to be sleepyavoir tort   to be wrongavoir un chat dans la gorge  Ã‚  to have a frog in ones throatavoir un cheveu (sur la langue) (informal) to lispavoir un petit creux (informal) to be a little hungry / peckishavoir un poil dans la main (informal) to be lazyavoir un trou (de mà ©moire)   to have a memory loss, to have ones mind go blankavoir une dent contre quelquun (informal) to hold a grudge against someoneavoir une faim de lou p (informal) to be ravenous, famished chacun a son goà »t  Ã‚  to each his ownen avoir (familiar) to have gutsen avoir ras le bol (informal)   to be fed upil y a   noun there is, there are ___il y a period of time ___ agonavoir qu infinitive to just / only have to do somethingQuand les poules auront des dents  !  Ã‚  When pigs fly!Un tiens vaut mieux que deux tu lauras.  Ã‚  A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.vendre la peau de lours (avant de lavoir tuà ©)  Ã‚  to count ones chickens (before theyre hatched)

Strategic Planning Process in Public Administration Essay

Strategic Planning Process in Public Administration - Essay Example Public administration encompasses reconciliation of in-built conflicts between democratic governance and administrative bureaucracy. Bureaucracies stay identical with managerial approaches established on uniform procedures, hierarchical structures and formalization that remain anonymously carried out. Management based bureaucratic strategies include planning, coordinating, controlling, directing and organizing. Public administration also involves behavior based democratic practices embraced from various fields such as sociology and remains utilized within the framework of accountability in democracy. Most notably, the field has considerably changed since the 1930s to incorporate social equity as an integral part of the government’s mission. In overall, public administration entails the formation and implementation of government or public policies. Public administration faces various complications, issues or barriers to the realization of efficient strategic planning process. A unifying set of principles remain absent in guiding practitioners while past practices remain insufficient in meeting the 21st century challenges. Hence, the intellectual framework needed to drive forward contemporary public administration as a discipline remains a necessity. It would be difficult to change laws and their cumulative effects also generate perverse outcomes. It becomes complicated to avoid rigidities accumulated over time in relation to rules, norms and laws while conserving the merit of law regimes in strategic public administration planning. Similarly, the field of public administration lags behind changes occurring in today’s practice. The internal systems of public organizations have low tolerance for risks thus making them to resist change or adapt slowly. Hence, many reforms have not brought about change leaving traditional approaches to restate themselves over time (Bourgon, 2011). The growth of non-governmental service delivery approaches such as loans , transfers, grants, tax credit and insurance comprise today’s bulk government spending. However, these approaches create a gap between service delivery and decisions on funding in the traditional accountability framework since public resources become allocated to organizations and individuals thought as could produce anticipated results. In this regard, this situation should be mitigated through the establishment of new accountability measures capable of producing desired results. The government lags behind in acting as the principal instrument in providing tangible and direct public services. As a result, complex public results cannot be achieved since public services in the present day remain increasingly intermediate, intangible and indirect. A high level of interdependence and wide dispersion of power remain increasingly uncertain in the presence of networked societies and global economy thereby adding onto the government’s responsibilities of addressing public is sues (Holmberg & Rothstein, 2012). Research activities on public administration add significance to the field’s theoretical base and literature regardless of methodologies used. This follows the fact that public administration as an applied discipline supports various research traditions. However, difference of opinions and conflict continues to exist between practitioners and scholars over the applicability and relevancy of the varying epistemic or research approaches in strategic planning. This raises questions as to whether public administration exists as a political, gendered or social construct or if reality could be an objective occurrence when undertaking strategic planning process (Riccucci, 2010). Open and

The Importance of Teamwork in a Close Protection Environment Essay

The Importance of Teamwork in a Close Protection Environment - Essay Example As the discussion declares teamwork projects feature clearly determined and individually evaluated responsibilities for each member of a team as well as a specific and valuable result. Team members are appreciated at the quality of the product and their contributions to the team joint operation as well as the quality of the completion of their personally assigned tasks. Groups are specifically good at combining together talents and providing novel solutions to possible unusual problems; in cases where there is no established approach or procedure, the extended knowledge and skills set of the group possess a distinct advantage over those of the individual. The group constitutes an environment where the individual's self-apprehended level of authority and responsibility is expanded, in an environment where responsibility is shared: consequently providing a perfect motivation through improved self-esteem and low stress. This paper stresses that everybody is polite and dull and considers how he can get into the plan. Conflicts are seldom directly voiced; they are predominantly personal and certainly destructive. Since the group is new, the individuals will be locked in their own opinions and commonly reserved. This is particularly true in terms of the more subordinate and/or nervous members of the group who may never recover. The group tends to submit largely to those who appear as leaders. This stage features formation of an atmosphere of acceptance and safety, avoiding debate, and is filled with guidance from the manager or project team leader.

Criminalology Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Criminalology - Case Study Example el also views the community as the center of correctional treatment and feels that by reintegrating the individual back to the society, he/she will quit his/her deviant behaviors and uphold a living that will be beneficial both the him/her and the society (Restorative Justice, n.d.). When the community takes charge in maintaining and reintegrating the members who are deviant, least amount of security is necessary to maintain public safety. Everyone becomes aware that they have an important role to play and so deviance is discouraged. The Rational Basis Test is used to determine whether a law is constitutional. Therefore, according to the test or for a law to pass the rational basis test, it must be established that it is related to a legitimate government interest. So using the test, there must be a rational connection between the regulation and the legitimate interest put forward to justify it. If a law cannot pass the rational basis test, then it translates that it is not legitimate and cannot be used in the criminal justice system. The rational basis test is used mainly in cases where no fundamental rights are at stake. There must be an alternative means of exercising the right. As indicated earlier, the test establishes or tests whether an action taken by the government is reasonable and whether it may be legitimately pursued by the same. In simple words, the action taken must be rationally related to a given government action to be considered legitimate. There must be an alternative means of exercising the right that remains open to the offender. The offender has his rights and so the action taken must not close all avenues that he can use. Otherwise the action will not pass the Rational Basis Test. The social environment has significant effects on the correctional policies. For instance, the community plays a major role in the correction of offenders and most often it’s their failure that makes the person not to be integrated again in the community.

How Important Are Fossil Fuels To Society Environmental Sciences Essay

How Important Are Fossil Fuels To Society Environmental Sciences Essay Thirst for knowledge is humans natural behaviour which has led to various inventions and discoveries. Humans need energy for doing all types of work. Without generating energy, all the luxuries of everyday life will come to an end. Fossil fuels, a remarkable discovery by humans have simplified our lives. However, the rate at which these resources are being depleted are threatening to run out soon. Fossil fuel usage began on a large scale with the introduction of industrial revolution in 1800s.Nowadays, a lot of alternative energy options are available, like wind , hydro , and sun energy. But ironically, majority of our energy is derived from non-renewable energy sources, which are commonly called fossil fuels. Like every other invention or discovery influence society, same applies to fossil fuels as well. In order to know how fossil fuels affect our society, one needs to examine it. Without fossil fuels, there wouldnt be any means of transportation, and the world and the economy would come to standstill. We need energy to heat houses, and energy is needed for agriculture and industries. Without fossil fuels, there would be no energy, no heat, and the cost on running on the alternatives would be a lot higher than what we have on fossils. Fossil fuels are comprised of hydrogen and carbon bonds. Coal, oil and natural gas, are the three kinds of fossil fuels used for delivering energy. With the increasing population, the demand for energy also increases, which increases the pressure on the environment. Another major variable, that threatens and pressurizes the energy sector to move into nuclear, solar and other environmentally friendly energy sources, is due to the fear of climate change. Coal, oil and natural gas supplies are forecasted to peak as the reserves are running out. Coal is a form of solid fossil fuel which is formed by decay of land vegetation. It is plenteous as compared to oil and natural gas. Forecasters predict every now and then, that the coal usage will increase as oil supplies becomes less. Present supply of coal might last about 200 years or more. Developing countries such as India and China, cant meet the expense of using natural gas or oil, and therefore depend on coal for delivering energy. According to IEAs world energy outlook forecast (2006), 85% of the increase in coal demand is likely to come from China. Coal consumption is predicted to increase by 1.4% yearly until 2030, with about two-thirds of the demands in India and China. According to the statistical survey done (2007), The coal consumption in 2006 was 3 billion tonnes. China, India, South Africa and Germany claimed to be the largest consumers of coal. The natural gas exploration is getting cheaper and big industries are switching to natural gas instead of coal which has other side problems, besides environmentally unfriendly. Oil is a liquid fossil fuel, formed from the remainders of marine micro-organisms deposited on the sea floor. Millions of years after, the deposits eventually end up in sediments and rock, in which oil is confined. Oil consists of a lot of organic compounds, which are altered into usable products by refining process. Oil is not found in all the places on earth, and there have been wars on oil supplies. Gulf war which happened in 1991, is a well-known example of this. The local production of oil has lowered since 1960.In 1970s the oil production has plunged reaching a peak point of 9.6 million barrel per day(Mbbl/d). Since then, oil demand has increased significantly such that industries supply less than half of all its oil that we consume. However there had been a radically change in consumption from 1960 to 1970 (from about 10 Mbbl/d to about 17 Mbbl/d) as shown in the figure. Moving to suburb and driving for miles caused an increase in consumption which was a turning point in American societys lifestyle. Nevertheless, during 1970s, demand levelled off and then declined suddenly as oil prices increased to over a dollar per gallon from $0.25. Since 1980s, oil demand has grown progressively as prices stabilized while inflation continued to grow. Currently we sit at 19.6 million barrel per day in U.S. which is about 25% of the worldwide consumption of 77 Million barrels per day. Natural gas is a gaseous form of fossil fuel which is versatile, available in plenty and relatively cleaner as compared to the oil and coal. Like oil, it is also formed from the remainders of marine micro-organisms. Natural gas is made up of methane, and is highly compressible, and is drilled to bring it on the earths crust. More coal was used until 1999, than natural gas. It has surpassed coal now in developed countries. However, humans are frightened that natural gas supply will eventually run out, like oil and coal. Predictions say that this might take place at the end or the middle of the 21st century. Unlike oil supplies, Natural gas reserves are distributed more uniformly around the planet. Energy produced by combustion of fossil fuels is converted to heat and electricity in power plants. On combustion, carbon and hydrogen reacts with oxygen to yield carbondioxide and water with heat. Electricity is produced by transforming this heat into electrical energy in a generator. Although, building a power plant needs a lot of money, the efficiency it delivers to convert fuel into energy is very high, and is worth the money spent to build it. The demand of electricity varies throughout the year, and provisions should be made to meet the demand in peak load. When the demand surpasses the capacity of power plants to generate electricity, momentary blackouts are experienced. In 2001, California experienced shortage of electricity, drawing attention to the crude oil and natural gas shortage. In the past, fossil fuels were present in abundance and were easy to obtain and deliver. The present trend of using these energy resources by mankind is one of the important issues questioning its long term sustainability. We have created a horrible situation for ourselves, by denying the fact that these resources will not be running low, and trying to run away from the reality rather than facing it. People are afraid of the consequences of what may happen if the fossil fuels actually run out. Fossil fuel combustion contributes to a lot of environmental issues that are also high on political agenda these days. Examples of these issues include emission of greenhouse gases, acid rain, air and water pollution, and ozone at ground level. These environmental concerns are caused by the burning of fossil fuels, which produces impurities like nitrogen, sulphur, and organic volatile compounds. These bi-products influence people and our atmosphere in many harmful ways. Like a glass in a greenh ouse, these pollutants build a barrier and prevent the excess heat from earth to escape. The temperature of the earth increases with the increase in this barrier, resulting in global warming. Global warming has become a serious issue, which could threaten our existence. Have people ever thought that why Antartica experienced the warmest years in all of history? Have people thought of rising sea level, which resulted due to melting of ice? The intensifying sea level could lead in floods and hurricane. If these changes are not enough to alert humans, the effect on agriculture around the world might be frightening. Production of maple is decreased by 10% because of warmer and shorter winters. A study comparing the yields of six main staple crops was done at the Lawrence Livermore National Labs and Stanford university. Study showed that for every one degree rise in temperature, there will be a decline of about 3% to 5% in the yield of those crops. Those six crops is responsible for abou t 55% of non-meat calories consumed by people, and about 70% of the animals feed all over the world. Acid rain is caused by the emission of sulphur and nitrogen, by burning fossil fuels. Acid rain is a combination of dry and wet deposition from the sky which contains higher amounts of nitric acid and sulphuric acid than normal. It makes the lakes and streams acidic, which leads to destruction of trees at higher altitude and soils. Acid rains also contribute to the decay of buildings and sculptures, decreases the visibility and have harmful effects on publics health. Acid rain not only cause damages where it falls, but it affects all over the planet, since lakes and streams transport the water throughout earths crust and finally to the ocean. The plants and animals that are dependent on this water to survive are affected and may decease if the chemicals in the water are present in extreme excess. Another problem resulting from fossil fuel usage is Air pollution, resulting in smog. Apart from human sickness, smog also affects the crops, by seeping through the leaves protective layers and destroying the essential cell membranes. This makes the crops weaker and decreases its yield. Combustion of fossil fuels produces nitrogen and other organic gases that form ozone. Ozone is formed near the surface of the earth causing air pollution. According to the CESI report (2006), Ground level ozone has affected the health of Canadians including respiratory problems, cardiovascular diseases, premature deaths and over 6000 hospitalizations. All above discussed issues are caused by the emission of impurities that are present in the structures of fossil fuel .Presently, combustion of oil accounts for about 30% of carbondioxide in the environment. The maximum emission of pollutants is caused by the burning of coal. Natural gas consists of methane structure, due to which it doesnt emit as much carbondioxide as compared to oil and coal. The question arises, that looking at these consequences, why are we still using fossil fuels to such large scale? The answer is simple; because fossil fuels are comparatively cheaper than using alternatives we know so far. People have made their lives so much dependable on fuels, that if these run out, the human civilization will come to an end too. Also, digging fossil fuels from earth surface is dangerous, as digging of mines and wells could result in change of surroundings and may fetch immense quantity of salt water to the earths surface, which can result in damaging the ecosystem in clos e proximity with no appropriate treatment and sequestration. There are procedures to follow to minimize the hazards, but it is hard to completely eradicate them. However, regulations are not enough, we should continue researching new technologies for fossil fuels and renewable sources both, to add increasing conservation measures. Few environmentalists predict that because of insufficiency, fuel prices will increase exponentially in the coming century. We cannot completely stop using fossil fuels, but we must make some changes in our consumption pattern by avoiding oil products and favouring available alternatives for our sustainability.

Chile :: essays research papers

Chile In this project we are going to summarize the main points concerning the history of CHILE , its independance, and bring the country to present day CHILE. We are also going to mention some important facts about CHILE"S economy. I. COLONIZATION PERIOD CHILE is a country located in the wester coast of South America, on the Pacific Ocean. It is known for the famous Andes Mountain Range that covers all of Peru and part of Chile CHILE was first discovered in 1520 by a Portuguese navigator named Ferdinand Magellan, who sailed under the flag of Spain. It was not until 1536 that CHILE was explored by a Spaniard named Diego de Almagro. Almagro was an associate of Francisco Pizarro in the conquest of Peru. In 1540 a conquistador named Pedro de Valdivia made a second expedition into CHILE He arrived in CHILE in 1541 and claimed the land under the crown of Spain. He founded the city of Santiago in February of that year, and appointed a Cabildo (Council) of Conquistadores to control local affairs. II. COLONIAL RULE In December of 1553, Valdivia set out for the fort of Concepcion to avenge the death of three soldiers, after word had reached him that the Indians had murdered them. He did not know the Indians had an ambush prepared for him. Valdivia was captured and executed, his entire army was also killed. The Spaniards eventually dominated CHILE During this period CHILE was a Captaincy General of Spain and supposedly governed from Peru, where Spain had a more important government because Peru was rich in Inca gold. In reality, because CHILE was farther away geographically, local affairs were controlled by a governor who commanded the army and each town had its own Cabildo (Council). CHILE had plenty of wars. The Indians refused to stay quiet. Until the mid 1700"s, these wars against the Indians were payed for by Peru, which provided money to CHILE to maintain CHILE"S government in Santiago and an army on the frontier. CHILE was poor and dependent on its richer neighbor for wealth and security. III. INDEPENDENCE One of the most important reasons for CHILE"S independence as well as other Latin American countries, was the emergence of a class of CRIOLLOS (Creoles). Creoles were American born Spaniards, who were different from the Iberians. They developed a desire for a self-government. The Criollos, then, began and supported a movement in order to gain independence from Spain. The Criollos had a lot of influence in the merchant class as well as in the upper class of CHILE. They resented Spain's trading system. For tax reasons, all trade with Spain had

Auditor’s Legal Liability to Third Parties

Increased liability of other professionals to nonprofits users of their services II. Lack of fairness of Imposing the burden of economic loss on Innocent financial statement users Ill. Assumption that expanded liability will cause auditors to improve their auditing procedures v. Auditors have the ability to obtain liability insurance v. Increased audit and insurance premium costs can be passed on to the client 4. Reasonably foreseeable third parties (used by MS, NJ, WI) a. Ore expansive definition regarding the legal standing of who can sue the auditor I. Allows broader class of (stockholders or stockbrokers, for example) might say regarding accuracy of financial reports Reflection While WI, NJ and MS have a very expansive definition of who ought to be able to have legal standing to sue auditors for audit reports of financial statements if the auditor appears to have been negligent or committed fraud, there must be some balance struck to protect both auditors and third parties that m ay rely on audit reports.The Restatement Standard, as used by most states, appears to strike that balance, holding auditors accountable for potential negligence or fraud, while still allowing them to obtain liability insurance to limit their exposure to legal claims. Chapter 20, problem 20-27 a. What elements must be established by Musk to support a cause of action based on negligence?Since state law applicable to this action follows the Ultramarine decision, which sets the standard for auditor negligent liability by a third party according to priority, in which a contract or specific agreement exists between the two parties, Musk would need to show that a contract existed between Apple and Musk to have legal standing to bring a suit against Apple. B. What elements must be established by Musk to support a cause of action based on a Rule lob-5 violation?If Musk has established that it can sue under Section II(b), it must prove the following: 1 . Apple made a material, factual misrepr esentation or omission 2. Musk relied on the financial statements . Musk suffered damages as a result of reliance on the financial statements 4. Sciences (Apple acted with intent to deceive, defraud, or with knowledge of a false representation) c.Is Apple's assertion regarding lack of priority correct with regard to Musk's causes of action for negligence or fraud? Regarding negligence, Apple's assertion regarding Musk's lack of priority is correct according to the standard set by the Ultramarine decision. There was no contract between Apple and Musk. However, regarding the fraud charge, the priority requirement does not apply. If the plaintiff an show gross negligence or fraud, the auditor can still be held liable for damages.As stated in the problem, Apple was aware that Astor was selling inventory at prices substantially less than cost, so it should have known that the inventory valuation provided by Astor should not have been trusted, and should have conducted its own valuation o f inventory. While the application of the Ultramarine decision will make it difficult to hold Apple liable for negligence under common law, that decision does not hold weight when considering fraud or gross negligence. In that case, Musk may be able to collect damages on the basis of Rule bib-5.

Stefan’s Diaries: The Craving Chapter 21

Damon and I remained in the cell for several minutes after the man left, too stunned to even contemplate escaping. The guards didn't come back in with the keys. I didn't blame them. I cursed, slamming the bars. It seemed that no matter what I decided to do, which way I turned, things got worse. And the Sutherlands†¦ they had just been innocent bystanders, swept up in the path of destruction just because they were at the wrong place at the wrong time. While my brother didn't actively cause their deaths, he was no less responsible. I turned on him, ready to tear him apart. And then I saw the look on his face. Damon's eyes had glazed over and he leaned against the wall for support. He'd worn the same dazed expression for weeks after he'd woken up as a vampire and discovered that Katherine was dead. â€Å"What was that?† he whispered, finally looking at me. But I had no idea what that was. All I knew was that it was more powerful, more dangerous, more deadly than any creature I'd ever encountered. Anger at my brother drained away and something like exhaustion set in. â€Å"I'm not sure, though I think he left me a message,† I said, remembering the bloody scrawl on the side of the Sutherlands' home. â€Å"But what was that about Katherine? What was he to her?† Damon shrugged. â€Å"I have no idea. She never told me about that†¦ thing.† â€Å"He said we took her from him. What the hell does that mean? What curse is he talking about? Did Emily cast a spell on someone?† I said. I began to pace, my mind racing. â€Å"I'm guessing it means he believes we killed her. Which you did, brother,† Damon said. In a pique, Damon sat down, stretched his legs out, and put his hands behind his head, pillowing it against the stone. I would get no more answers out of him. I slid down against the bars and buried my head in my hands, thinking of my time with Katherine. Had she ever said anything about her past? Let anything slip? But I had been so completely under her thrall that it was impossible to know what had been real and what she had compelled me to believe. Though I remembered biting her, I didn't have any memory of her feeding me her blood. But she must have often, as I had enough of her blood in my system to come back as a vampire after my father shot me. In a funny way, Katherine had made me. We were almost like her children. My mind snagged. â€Å"Did Katherine ever tell you about her sire?† I asked, putting words to a horrible thought forming in my mind. â€Å"The vampire who made her?† Damon looked up at me, shocked out of his sulk. â€Å"You think†¦ ?† I nodded. Damon leaned back and knocked his head against the wall. He had been genuinely in love with Katherine. I wondered if meeting Katherine's maker made our little tryst in Mystic Falls seem like a speck in the vastness of eternity. â€Å"I suppose we should call a guard over and compel him to free us,† he said tiredly. A sound of commotion from the lobby stopped us. There were muffled thuds, like bodies hitting the floor. There was a scream. It was high-pitched and hard to tell whether it came from a woman or a man, so great was the pain. Then came the grating sound of a desk being moved, and what might have been a wooden chair being shattered against the wall. I stood. So did Damon. Damon and I glanced at each other. The pocket watch Winfield had given me ticked loudly in the sudden silence. The door to the stockade opened once again and in came a girl wearing men's trousers and black suspenders, a long blond braid over her shoulder. â€Å"Lexi!† I gasped. â€Å"I'm growing tired of bailing you boys out,† she said as she shook the key at us. â€Å"I should leave you in there overnight, teach you a lesson about making trouble,† she joked. I reached through the bars to grab her free hand. â€Å"I've never been happier to see anyone.† â€Å"I don't doubt it,† Lexi said drily, but a small smile curved the edges of her lips. Damon rolled his eyes. â€Å"We were just about to free ourselves, thank you very much.† â€Å"I don't doubt that, either. Just figured I'd speed up the escape,† she said. Her nose twitched, and her flat tone indicated she didn't entirely approve of his existence. The last time she'd seen him, he'd just gotten through killing Callie and was starting in on me. â€Å"So did you knock out the entire precinct?† Damon asked, straightening the shoulders of his jacket. Lexi undid the final lock on the door. The door sprang open and I rushed to hug her. â€Å"No, only some of them. The rest I compelled. Some of us don't like needless violence – or messes that need to be explained later,† she said into my shoulder. I released her and she motioned us toward the door. â€Å"Now let's get out of here before anyone else shows up.† â€Å"I always cover my tracks,† Damon said defensively as we rushed through the door of the containment area and into the front offices. Several policemen sat at their desks, poring over ledgers, oblivious to the two prisoners escaping and the general state of disarray. Desks had been pushed aside, among the splintery remains of what had once been a chair, and the man who had sat there was lying on the floor, a rivulet of blood leaking from his head. But his eyes were open and he appeared to be whispering some word over and over again. â€Å"Strong-willed, that one,† Lexi said. â€Å"How were you able to find us?† I asked, following her down the stairs. â€Å"A mysterious Italian count with black hair and ice-blue eyes and a flair for the dramatic sweeps into the New York social scene and very quickly marries the most eligible society girl?† she said, rolling her eyes. â€Å"They ran your picture in the social pages.† Damon at least had the grace to look sheepish. â€Å"I always cover my tracks,† she mimicked. â€Å"There are a lot of ways to live rich and powerfully as a vampire†¦ none of which involve sweeping into the New York social scene†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"†¦ and marrying the most eligible society girl. Fair enough,† Damon conceded. â€Å"At least I did it with style.† We exited the prison, and the cold evening air washed over me. The stars were just beginning to flicker in the night sky, and the gaslights cast a warm glow over the street. It was a beautiful night, the like of which Bridget, Lydia, Winfield, and Mrs. Sutherland would never enjoy again – all because of me, Damon, and Katherine. I only came to New York to escape. Escape Damon, memories of Callie, vampires, Mystic Falls, Katherine†¦ and yet it all still followed me like an onerous shadow. I knew then that I'd never escape my past, not fully. Such dark things don't fade with time – they merely reverberate through the centuries. I could only hope that Margaret was safe somewhere, away from the hell-beast that had violently murdered her entire family.

Anarchists and the Spanish Civil War essays

Anarchists and the Spanish Civil War essays The Spanish Civil War laid the groundwork for the mass destruction and turmoil that was to come with World War II. The Civil war was a battle among the left, pitting communism versus fascism. There were many different groups fighting for each side, the most important, anarchists. Anarchists believe in a classless society. It is their ideas that oppose capitalism as a system that profits the small minority and not the majority. Government, army, and police, are seen through their eyes as an institution whose purpose is to enforce the ways of these minority groups. Instaed of letting these small minority groups lead, they feel that the workers have the power and strength, in numbers, to change society. It is through their ability to organize and fight that the anarchists made the biggest impact on the war. Collectivization and industrialization were ideas shared by the CNT (Condeferacion Nacional de Trabajo), and were extensive. The peasants had come together in order to gain control of the land that they had worked on. Ronald Fraser states, that the anarchists would go to a large village and clean it up in the name of the CNT(60). The clean-up would take place by any means necessary, and force and terror were tactics that were used. It was through the terror that many villagers joined the side of the anarchists in their views for collectivization. It is through the collectives that production greatly increased the yield of the lands, in some cases as much as a 50% increase. Workplaces were taken over to increase the production of materials needed to aid the revolution. Often these factories were abandoned by the owners in order to sabotage the revolution. The biggest contribution that the anarchists made was in the form of their militia. The militia was guerilla-like there were no uniforms, or officers just a group of revolutionaries. It was this revolutionary army that took the country by s...

Hawaiian Tropical Reef Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hawaiian Tropical Reef - Research Paper Example This is a spectacle nature orchestrates for the continuation of the string of different life forms. There is a vibrant dominance of coral reefs that make life possible at the deepest part of it. This is due to the fact that the integral components of it are different species or diverse groups of aquatic flora and fauna in which each of them has elemental role to play for the success of maintaining the balance of life. Unacquainted about it, the tropical reef in Hawaii may be one of the most restless places on earth as life in there would never stop to transform. There would always be a perfect story of adaptation and survival. Change is eminent in this place as combined efforts of adaptation, survival and transformation have become integral components of making what Hawaiian tropical reef is all about. After all, it is an ecosystem where the perfect drama of life, story of survival, adaptation or migration takes center stage. In other words, Hawaiian tropical reef is a natural ecosys tem where there is a huge number of flora and fauna trying to benefit from each other. All forms of interaction can be observed in here. This ecosystem substantially covers the entire aquatic area of responsibility of Hawaiian geographic location. Coral reefs are formed from the fusion of calcium carbonate which would result to either hard or soft corals (Miththapala 1). Some corals take time to develop and others do not undergo a long process in their formation. However, all of these types of corals could be remarkably observed at the Hawaiian tropical reef. In other words, there are varieties of corals found beneath the captivating view of Hawaii’s ocean. One benefit of these coral reefs is that they have become home to a wide range and huge number of different microorganisms. In fact, Hawaiian tropical reef is loaded with tropical reef fish (Foster 54). These living organisms are just among the thousands and possibly millions of life forms of flora and fauna that seeks to find their survival in the Hawaiian tropical reef. There is a constant interaction between these organisms. As plants not only provide food for the primary consumers, they also give off oxygen for the benefits of those organisms requiring it for their breathing. In the same way, animals give off carbon dioxide for the benefits of the plants living as integral component of the coral reefs. It is of interest why Hawaiian tropical reef became a marvelous spot and perfect attraction not only among the locals, but substantial number of visitors all throughout the year. In reality, the Hawaiian Archipelago’s geographic location has something to do with this. Hawaii is located somewhere in the world where there is a perfectly combined atmosphere for subtropical climate which prohibits multiplication of coral reefs in a cool winter ocean water, but beneath there is also a need to encourage flow of its warmer counterpart that needs to take place for the whole year (Lau and Mink 227). In other words, the vast population of coral reefs in Hawaii could be largely attributed to the natural combination of both cool and warmer flow of ocean water which further could be ascribed to the subtropical climate. I really did enjoy reef walks at Hawaii tropical reefs; it would happen during the lowest tides of the month. At this moment, various creatures will be clearly visible

Insurance Fraud and its Perpetration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Insurance Fraud and its Perpetration - Essay Example The individuals who are mostly found engaging in hard fraud include company executives, as well as employees. A corporate worker who engages in fraud will typically choose to defraud the insurance firm by taking bribes from physicians to validate false claims. Insurance agents could also participate in defrauding an insurance firm by not forwarding policyholder premiums to it, and instead of pocketing them while hoping that a claim is not filed by the policyholder. Hard fraud could also be perpetrated by con artists who create fake insurance firms and then proceed to collect premiums from gullible consumers. Such con-artists almost never pay claims. Once the numbers of claims being filed by policyholders reach a certain number, the defrauders will vanish with the company assets. Soft fraud is also referred to as opportunity fraud and takes place when a claimant overstates a genuine claim. For instance, a car owner who is involved in a minor incident where there is a ‘fender bender’ problem can exaggerate the claim (Karamouzis and Hallawell 2005). Soft fraud can also take place in the course of the underwriting process when consumers are invited to renew their coverage. In such an instance, the claimants could offer false information for the purpose of lowering the insurance premiums; thus increasing the possibility of their applications being accepted (Pontell 2005b). For instance, they could provide false information on the car’s mileage, provide a false garage location, or even add to the number of items that may have been stolen, in incidences of theft. The UK Fraud Act of 2006 actually strengthened the existing law on insurance fraud. It included the notion that people would be charged with fraud if they used fake representations, or even refrained from disclosing important information (Hoyer, Zakhariya, Sandner, and Breitner 2012).

Telefonica Spain Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Telefonica Spain - Case Study Example The privatization of state-owned enterprises was among the changes within the political environment, which motivated the global expansion of Telefonica Spain. Additionally, the rise of globalization caused the company to seek new markets in foreign countries. In addition, there was government deregulation and hence liberalization of the market which allowed the company to expand to foreign markets. The changes in the economic environment which stirred Telefonica’s global expansion include the competitiveness in the market especially in labor, returns on revenue, market share and shareholder values. It is argued that companies expand into foreign markets as a measure of adapting to the changes in the political, economic and social-cultural environment (Hill, 2011). Telefonica Spain’s initial focus in Latin America as opposed to its expansion into the European market was as a result of the deep social cultural and language ties that Spain had with Latin America. The social-cultural factor is the most significant consideration by a company which seeks to expand internationally. This is because culture defines the preferences and values of the consumers and hence determines their decisions to purchase and use a company’s products (Hill, 2011). Additionally, the rapid growth of the telecommunication industry within Latin America in terms of both mobile communications and internet connections inspired Telefonica Spain to expand into this market to meet the expanding needs of consumers for telecommunication services and products. Question 3: Telefonica has used acquisitions, rather than Greenfield ventures, as its entry strategy. Why do you think this has been the case? What are the potential risks associated with this entry strategy?

System Evaluation Paper Essay Example for Free

System Evaluation Paper Essay No doubt, EDI or electronic data interchange process has increased efficiency in exchanging business documents between companies. This process replaces faxing and mailing of documents. The process utilizing specific record formats that are based on widely accepted standards (CovalentWorks, 2014). EDI is used in a variety of industries; over 160,000 companies have switched to EDI to increase their efficiencies. In addition, a vast majority of the companies require their partners to use EDI as well. Assuredly, there are many benefits and some drawbacks for companies that use EDI. One major benefit of EDI is the computer-to-computer exchange of information is much less expensive than handling paper documents. Moreover, studies have concluded that the processing of a paper-based order can cost of up $70 or more. On the other hand, the processing of an EDI order will cost less than a dollar. Other benefits of EDI are much less labor time required fewer errors because the documents are processed by computers, and a faster flow of business transactions (CovalentWorks, 2014). In addition, fast transactions assist in reducing inventory levels, increase warehouse space, decrease out-of-stock levels, as well as lower freight costs. However, one drawback is companies must ensure they have the resources in order to make EDI successful. The resources are attained by purchasing, hiring, and outsourcing. Nevertheless, some of the costs may be offset by the increased efficiency of EDI. EDI works when a buyer prepares an order in the purchasing system and has is approved. Next, the EDI order is translated into an EDI document format called an 850 purchase order (CovalentWorks, 2014). The purchase order is then transmitted to the supplier either by the internet or through a VAN (Value added network). If the VAN is the chosen delivery route between the buyer and supplier, it is always sent on a secure and reliable network. In addition the supplier’s  VAN ensures the supplier receives the order. The supplier’s computer system processes the order. Hardw are, software, internet access, and e-mail are required for the processing to take place. Passwords, user identification, and encryption are used to maintain data security and control throughout the transmission. Lastly, the buyer’s and suppliers edit and check the EDI documents for accuracy (CovalentWorks, 2014). EDI (electronic data interchange) is utilized at my current employer which is a large retail drug store chain. Our chain uses EDI for supplier’s orders, as well as processing invoices and credit memos. For example, a soda vendor will visit our store, merchandise the shelves, and then write an order. The order connects through EDI into our system. Additionally, the order can be viewed as a pending order on the AS400 computer. On arrival, one barcode (per pallet) is scanned in with a Telxon unit. The invoice number and quantities of the order automatically populate and the on-hand quantities are adjusted once the invoice is posted. However, not all vendors are set up through EDI. Through EDI, once the invoice has been posted, it is just filed in the office because the supplier will be automatically paid. If the supplier is not set up through EDI, then the invoice must be stamped with a receiving number and mailed to the corporate office for payment which is a much longer process. Non-EDI invoices risk the chance of getting lost and require a lot more postage and labor revenue to process. However, more and more of our vendors are transitioning to EDI, especially the ones that supply us with product consistently every week. The business requirement that drove the system’s initial development is the labor intensive high cost supply chain. Moreover, there was a need for improved efficiency with ordering, updating on-hand quantities, and payment of invoices and the receipt of credit memos. The company has over 8,000 stores. Therefore, if each store averages 5 invoices per day, that is 40,000 invoices per day that need to be processed. EDI potentially can save thousands of dollars daily in the reduction of labor hours. Furthermore, it reduces the chance of errors and non-payment of received merchandise. In conclusion, EDI has many more benefits than drawbacks. EDI transmits and processes documents very cost effectively, efficiently, and accurately. I believe the company I work for will continue to make EDI arrangements with non-EDI vendors. I also think larger companies and corporations will follow suit and transition to EDI if  they have not done so already. References Covalentworks (2014). Electronic Data Interchange. Retrieved from: http://www.covalentworks.com/what-is-edi.asp

Marketing Strategy of Mercedes and BMW

Marketing Strategy of Mercedes and BMW What is marketing? Who really knows? In our era, most of the people have in their mind a different meaning of the marketing. For me, marketing is a mean which pulls the strings of our economy. The language of marketing has been borrowed from the military. We talk about defensive marketing, offensive marketing, and guerrilla marketing. Often overlooked, however, is flanking, one of the most powerful military strategies. As for the official meaning of the word, marketing is: Marketing is the process by which companies create customer interest in goods or services. It generates the strategy that underlies sales techniques, business communication, and business developments Marketing is defined by the American Marketing Association (AMA) as the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. The Chartered Institute of Marketing defines marketing as the management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably. Maybe there are thousands different meanings of marketing but in the end they are all agreed that it was created to help the market and the consumers to fulfill their needs. BMW VERSUS MERCEDES-BENZ This assignment is to analyze and compare the marketing strategies of BMW and Mercedes-Benz. Both companies are renowned market leaders in supplying automobiles. The pair has a history of providing innovative cars for the past century. Over the years with the improvement of technology BMW and Mercedes-Benz have met customer needs by producing the most inspiring and well developed cars of their times. The BMW Group concentrates on selected premium segments in the automobile market. This means that they specialize in providing a high quality product and in return they can achieve higher revenues per vehicle sold. In contrast Mercedes-Benz which also provide to the premium segment of the market have concreted their name in history as manufacturers of luxury cars, have opened their doors to a range of more dynamic models targeting the slightly younger market. Mercedess most powerful competitor has long been BMW. The two companies marketing strategies seemed to mirror one another in the 1 990s. Thus in 1996, Mercedes signed a deal to promote its vehicles in Universal Pictures The Lost World, but it was several years behind BMW, which in 1995 made an agreement to feature its vehicles in the James Bond film Goldeneye. More important was an overall shift by both companies in response to the rise of Japanese luxury vehicles such as Lexus and the Acura Legend. Farrell reported in Brandweek, With repricing and repositioning-advertising messages emphasize more value instead of luxury-Germanys two luxury leaders, Mercedes and BMW, are on the offensive à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Both have rebounded with a reversal of marketing strategies that include new, lower-priced products and even ads that tout price. Nonetheless, of the two manufacturers, Mercedes has made the more drastic changes. THE HISTORY OF BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW), or Bavarian Motor Works, is a German automobile, motorcycle and engine manufacturing company founded in 1913 with the formation of the Rapp-Motorenwerke company by Karl Rapp. The firm were engaged in the production of aircraft engines from a former bicycle factory located near Munich. It was close to this plant that Gustav Otto established the Bayerische Flugzeugwerke AG aircraft factory and in 1922 these two organisations merged to form BMW. The letters stand for: Bayerische Motoren Werke. In their early years BMW produced mainly aircraft engines, but also some motorcycle engines. In fact the BMW badge is supposed to resemble a spinning aircraft propeller. It wasnt until 1928 when BMW bought a car factory at Eisenach/Thuringia that BMW began producing cars. Along with the factory they bought the license to produce a small car called the Dixi. It was in 1936 that BMW introduced the type 328 roadster which quickly became the most successful sports car of the time. The type 328 roadster accumulated a number of prestigious wins on the racing circuit and was nominated as car of the century in 1999. BMWs involvement in aircraft engine production during WWII led to a 3 year ban on production at the end of the war. It wasnt until 1949 that they were able to return to production which they did with the 250cc R24 motorcycle. It was in 1951 that BMW introduced a spacious, 6-cylinder sedan called the 501. This was followed by the 502 which featured a lightweight alloy V8 engine. Later in the 1950s they began producing the BMW 507, a lightweight, V8 propelled sports car. This was the vehicle they hoped would revive the sporting success theyd achieved with the 328 roadster. But this wasnt to be. They were losing money on every 507 that was produced and so production stopped in 1960. Also during the 1950s BMW bought the design and manufacturing rights to the Isetta which was to become one of the most successful microcars in the post WWII years. It was a time when cheap, short distance transportation was much needed and the 2-seater, with an economical 250cc engine, fit the requirements nicely. Manufacturing rights for the Isetta were sold to various production companies around the world and these included the British Railways works in Brighton, UK. The 1960s saw BMW enjoying a number of notable successes including the BMW 1500 which was a 1499cc, four cylinder touring sedan introduced in 1961. This was the first of the modern BMW sports sedans. They went on to produce a series of popular sedans including the famous BMW 2002. This was a 2-door sedan that had been based upon the 4-door 1600. The 2002 was to be the forerunner of the BMW 3 series and production of this successful model continued until 1976. By the 1970s BMW had cemented their reputation as an innovative automobile manufacturing company. The 70s saw the introduction of the 3-tier sports sedan range consisting of the 3-series, 5-series and the 7-series. Between 1970 and 1993 BMW car production quadrupled and turnover increased by 1700%. The 1990s, after 1994, saw BMW take ownership of the British Rover Group. This was not a successful venture and in 2000 BMW disposed of Rover. Todays beemers have retained their highly prestigious reputation for quality and reliability. The company are taking steps to reduce the impact they and their motor cars have upon the environment so we can expect to see more innovative and exciting developments from the motor car company who have not only survived two world wars and a massive depression, but thrived. TARGET MARKET OF BMW BMW marketing targeted customers between the ages of 25 and 45 who were new to the luxury car market, nevertheless without alienating their current customer base. The customer base of BMW was 46-year-old male, married with no children, and had a median income of about $150,000. More importantly, the Internet was used by 85% of customers before buying a BMW (Hespos, 2002). Combining the ideas of producing a series of short films and using the Internet in an advertising campaign, short films for the Internet was born with BMW Films (Hespos, 2002).The luxury automobile maker that has established a mark for itself in the luxury car segment with its high performance cars. BMW is a powerful brand that is truly experienced by car lovers all over the world as a symbol of performance, power and luxury, all combined into its power packed machines that are treat to watch, drive, and possess. Thats why, it is truly known as the Ultimate driving Machine. BMWs tighter feel and enhanced responsiveness gave drivers the sense they were in complete control, something no other brand of automobile offered. This handling advantage was greatly appreciated by sports car aficionados and car enthusiasts. MARKETING STRATEGY OF BMW BMW has many different strategies of marketing. One of these strategies is the support of its dealer network. This succeeds only through a range of actions. Dedicated Dealer Marketing Service which assists with all marketing requirements for example: Local advertising for product range Support for local promotions National promotions Hire of promotional equipment for dealer events Image library which stocks various images available for dealers to use when creating their own marketing communications such as leaflets, invitations and direct mail. Educational materials Moreover, there is a Continuous Customer Contacts Program (CCCP) with the objective of increased customer loyalty and satisfaction. BMW also focuses on a great range of advertising. One thing that all BMW adverts have in common is that they focus entirely on the cars. On TV there are many branding campaigns and new car launches. Some TV spots depict stereotypical corporate-cog executives who squelch creativity and initiative. Beware of the compromisers. They say things like, Choose your battles, or Is this idea really worth falling on your sword for? Later, the recurring message throughout the campaign comes in, At BMW, ideas are everything. Radio branding campaigns (2002 was the first year that BMW used radio for national advertising) also uses. It does not tend to be used at a national level, although may be used regionally. As for the press, Color press is listed, for example: Tatler, Vogue, lifestyle magazines, motoring publications, broadsheet newspapers and tabloid newspaper weekend color supplements. Black white: national press. In addition to higher profile national advertising, dealers also run their own local campaigns through: Local press Radio Bus advertisements At the cinema, screens usually show short films. Other ways of advertising includes supply of sales literature, brochures, direct marketing, price lists and point of sale materials. Finally, other methods BMW use to promote its brands and products: Product Placement BMW Art Car Collection Sponsorship These and many others are the marketing strategies of BMW in order to enhance its market share. As for Mercedes-Benzà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. THE HISTORY OF MERCEDES-BENZ The roots of Daimler-Benz went back to the 1880s and founders Carl Benz and Gottfried Daimler, whose separate companies became one in 1926. Besides the two Germans, an important early figure was Austrian banker Emile Jellinek, who in 1897 became a Daimler board member. Jellinek offered a variety of useful marketing advice and suggested a car with an engine to the front, because that was where the horse used to be. After outlining a type of racer that he wanted built, he promised to purchase 36 of them, a sizable order at a time when few people had even ridden in an automobile. In return he asked that Daimler name the car after his one-year-old daughter, Mercedes. The car, introduced in 1900, had a top speed of 30 miles per hour, which at that time made it one of the fastest vehicles on the road. But a Mercedes could go much, much faster, and just nine years later its manufacturers built a special Benz capable of reaching 141 miles per hour. In the economic upheaval that followed World War I, Daimlers and Benzs companies joined forces as Daimler-Benz AG, founded in 1926. Its symbol was a three-pointed star, which reportedly symbolized air, land, and sea-arenas in which Daimler engines dominated. During World War II, Daimler-Benz became associated with the Nazi regime. Hitler had several models specially built for his use, and the company turned to producing airplane engines and military vehicles for the Third Reich. But it recovered quickly from the war and in the 1950s established itself as a manufacturer of luxury sedans in Europe and America. TARGET MARKET OF MERCEDES-BENZ In 1993, Rosemarie Totzauer reported in Brandweek, Mercedes is attempting to reinvent itself, to evolve from a company long defined exclusively by its gas-guzzling luxury sedans and sports cars. The reborn Mercedes will offer a broader, more complete line of vehicles for the rapidly changing, more complex, higher risk luxury segment à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Mercedes-Benz, therefore, has to gear itself for a metamorphosis into a company known for value and a diversity of vehicle concepts rather than for the prestige of the three-pointed star. These words, occasioned by the shift in slogans from the old Engineered Like No Other Car in the World. created by McCaffrey and McCall, to the new Sacrifice Nothing, gave a succinct statement of the companys changed marketing policy, The target market had broadened, and so had the Mercedes lines. The latter now included the C class, which replaced the 190 series as a product for the low end of the market; the E class, a mid-size luxury car; the S class, for the high-end luxury vehicles that had previously comprised the sum total of the companys product; and the SL for sports cars. Although, as Fara Warner wrote in Brandweek in 1994, Mercedes is still considered an exclusive luxury car for white males, the company sought to broaden its appeal with value prices and new products. Greg Farrell, writing in the same publication a year later, offered a compelling example of the effect produced by the shift in target market: Maria Pestonit, a 28 year-old Miami computer consultant, didnt like her first three cars à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ [and] after three performance cars, luxury struck her fancy. Mercedes may have hooked her for life with its C280, costing about $34,000. My family had a Mercedes. But that was my parents car, she said. I thought I could never reach that.' MARKETING STRATEGY OF MERCEDES-BENZ Mercedes Benz marketing strategy was once centered on the safety, luxury, and precision engineering of its cars, but due to increase competition in the luxury car industry and changing consumer attitudes about the Mercedes Benz brand that strategy has changed. Now their marketing strategy is more life style oriented and is focused more on presenting the more fun loving, approachable, and energetic side of Mercedes Benz. The evolution of Mercedes Benzs marketing strategy can be directly connected to the expansion of its target market, which now includes persons twenty five to forty five years old as well as its initial targets the baby boomers. In order to provide superior customer value to its target market Mercedes Benz has found it necessary to expand its product line up, provide more competitive prices, increase communications with its target market, maintain accessibility to consumers, and continue its excellent customer service. The marketing strategy of Mercedes-Benz is short of the same as BMW. More specifically, Mercedes spends a big amount for advertising campaigns. Mercedes-Benz launches an international advertising campaign on the theme of sustainability. The first printed advertisements using the new brand design will feature the E 300 BLUETEC to be launched in Germany in December 2007. Moreover, four different print ads will be placed in all large-circulation magazines in Germany, running in parallel with a TV commercial and an online campaign. The sustainability campaign will then be extended in mid-2008 to include additional vehicles and developments related to Mercedes-Benz activities which are combined under the heading True Blue Solutions. In our marketing campaign on sustainability we promote innovative technologies for environmentally sound mobility such as the BLUETEC emission treatment system, which Mercedes-Benz offers to its customers as the worlds cleanest diesel, says Dr. Klaus Maier, Executive Vice President of Mercedes. Mercedes new marketing campaign stresses safety over luxury. This isnt surprising since the financial crisis has reversed consumer priorities. Its now frowned upon to brag about buying the most luxurious car. Instead the most popular guy is the one who gets the most worth for as little money as possible spent on a new car. Mercedes-Benz is now allocating 50% of its UK marketing budget to digital media, according to its VP for brand communications, Anders Sundt Jensen.The dynamics of the UK market and the advanced consumer behavior in the UK meant the automotive brand was already allocating half of its budget to digital, well ahead of other European territories where the company was far from allocating even 40%.The key to the companys success online was the creation of specialist expertise within the company.We dont have normal marketers just doing online ads, or just putting our TV ads online, Anders Sundt Jensen said. We have a whole department, for example, at our headquarters in Germany just doing digital marketing. Also, one of the marketing strategies of Mercedes-Benz followed is to start promoting some of its cars on IPhone and Facebook. Another marketing action than gave a step forward to Mercedes-Benz is the promotion of a series of green cars. Mercedes-Benz brings to the market hybrid cars that are environmental friendly. To sum up, the key that makes Mercedes-Benz a powerful competitor in the market is the below: Delightful customer care Retail network ready for the future Efficient, integrated processes and systems Sales and Marketing MBC Product Price Place Promotion People Processes Perfectly positioned brand and effective marketing Fascinating products Motivated, qualified employees Effective market penetration CONCLUSION Undoubtedly, BMW and Mercedes-Benz were, are and always be two whoppers. Their marketing strategies are about the same. Their advertising campaigns, the tv and radio spots, the costumers services etc. The difference between them and the reason why they are both special is their target market and their market position, what they want their customers to remember about them. BMW focuses to young customers aged 25 to 45 and it promotes the slogan  «Ultimate driving machine ». It appeals to those who want to have the sense they were in complete control. On the other hand, Mercedes-Benz is still considered an exclusive luxury car for white males, but now decides to broaden its appeal with value prices and new products. It appeals to those who love luxury and safe cars but not too expensive.

Performance Management Essay -- Business and Management Studies

Performance Management The performance management process provides an opportunity for the employees and managers to discuss goals and develop plans for achieving those goals. Therefore, communication involve between managers and employees that they have to identify job roles and functions related to the company objectives. They get together to devise some performance appraisals to enhance the company overall performance. The performance manager responsible for supervising workforce and the group educates and develops employees’ potential in order to improve workforce performance. Moreover, rewards is directly Employees performance. Essential Managing Performance to the Group 1 Explain how managing performance is a critical element in the success of a business. Employees need to understand their roles clearly An effective Performance Management system is based on these concepts: * Employees need to understand their roles clearly * Performance may be managed * There is a direct relationship between performance and rewards * Employee involvement is critical to performance development * Performance expectations must be set in advance and there must be agreement * Performance management requires on-going coaching, feedback and planning * Performance management can be a positive experience * Facilitate a process to establish clear role definitions and accountabilities. * Create a custom Performance Management program or improve your existing program. * Establish the objectives of your Performance Appraisal and Performance Management program. * Determine your performance criteria and integrate these criteria with your compensation systems. * Create your evaluation format. * Develop policies and procedures. * Conduct training sessions for your managers and supervisors. * Assist with the roll-out and communication of the program to your total employee group. How managing performance for a success of a business To begin the process, you and the employee will collaborate on the development of performance standards. You will develop a performance plan that directs the employee's efforts toward achieving specific results, to support organizational growth as well as the employee's professional growth. Discuss goals and objectives throughout the year, providing a framewo... ...n you and the employee * Help the employee attain performance objectives * Increase employee motivation and commitment * Maintain and increase the employee's self-esteem * Provide support Link of appraisal and review Performance Appraisal The campus carries out its mission through the individual and collective contributions of its employees. To do their best, staff members need to know that those contributions will be recognized and acknowledged. Overseeing performance and providing feedback is not an isolated event, but rather an ongoing process that takes place throughout the year. The performance appraisal is part of that process, and provides an excellent opportunity for you to communicate with the employee about past performance, evaluate the employee's job satisfaction, and make plans for the employee's future performance. Remember that the performance appraisal summarizes the employee's contributions over the entire appraisal period (usually one year). It is not a step in the disciplinary process. It may occur as often as you believe is necessary to acknowledge the employee for accomplishments and to plan together for improved performance.